Recycling Glossary

Baler - (vertical, horizontal, two-ram) compresses materials into dense
rectangular bales which are tied with wire. Materials baled at the
SW/GS processing center are newspaper, cardboard, and plastic. Baling
assists handling, storage and transportation of materials.

Black barrel – 90-gallon plastic residential garbage container with
wheels, a handle and hinged lid, serviced with an automated sideloader.
Similar blue containers are used in many recycling programs for
the collection of office paper from businesses and recyclables from
multi-family complexes.

Brown goods – electronic equipment such as computers, printers,
televisions, etc. These contain hazardous components and should be
disposed of at special Household Electronics & Chemical
Collection Center.

C&D – construction and demolition debris.

CESQC – conditionally exempt small quantity generator. Businesses that
generate hazardous wastes in such small quantities they are exempt from
certain disposal regulations.

Closed-loop recycling – recycling materials into their original form,
such as using glass cullet to make new bottles rather than
incorporating it into asphalt.

Commingle – to mix different recyclable materials in the same container.

Compactor – 10- to 40-cubic-yard closed containers in which debris is
compressed to save space. There are two types: the break-away, in which
the hydraulic compacting ram and container unit are separate pieces of
equipment; and the self-contained, where the ram and container are one
unit.

Crusher/blower – machine which flattens aluminum cans then pneumatically transfers the material to a trailer.

Cullet – mixed color, broken or crushed glass.

Dumpster – the trademarked name of a 2-, 3-, 4-, 6- or 8-cubic-yard
commercial garbage container commonly made of steel (or sometimes
aluminum), with a plastic lid, serviced with a front end loader truck.

EPA – the Environmental Protection Agency (federal government).

Front End Loader – a commercial solid waste collection truck equipped
with two hydraulic forks used to pick up and empty dumpsters from the
front.

Generator – a sector, such as residential or commercial, responsible for producing waste or recyclables.

Hazardous waste – corrosive, toxic, flammable and reactive substances
that pose a threat to public health, safety and the environment.
Hazardous materials include ni-cad batteries, oil-based paint, used
motor oil and other automotive fluids, electronics, many pesticides,
herbicides and fungicides, pool chemicals, solvents, fertilizers,
fluorescent lamps and wood preservatives.

HEC3 - Household Electronics and Chemical Collection Center, a facility for the safe disposal of most household
hazardous wastes and electronics. Such facilities frequently also offers a Swap Shop
where unused materials such as oven cleaners, latex paint and furniture
polish can be picked up by residents for reuse at no charge.

HHW – household hazardous waste.

Integrated solid waste management – the management of municipal solid
waste using all available means – disposal in a landfill, incineration,
recycling, composting or mulching and a hazardous waste disposal
program.

“Jaws” truck – a solid waste collection vehicle equipped with a clam
bucket attached to a hydraulically-operated boom. Its purpose is to
collect bulk materials (for instance, appliances, logs, large piles of
yard waste) that are too heavy to be picked up by a solid waste worker
or too large for standard rear end loader collection.

KAB – Keep America Beautiful, Inc., a non-profit organization whose
network of local, statewide and international affiliate programs
educate individuals about litter prevention and ways to reduce, reuse,
recycle and properly manage waste materials.

Landfill, sanitary – a system of trash and garbage disposal in which
the waste is buried between layers of earth to build up low-lying land.
Many modern landfills are completely surrounded by a subsurface
manmade clay wall keyed into a natural layer of impermeable clay, which
prevents any contaminated water from leaving the site. Ash residue left
from the incineration process at the WTE plant is used as daily
landfill cover.

Long ton – 2,240 pounds. Ferrous metals (white goods, steel cans, etc.) are weighed in long or metric tons.

MRF – materials recovery facility.

MSW - municipal solid waste.

NIMBY – Not In My Back Yard, a common public response to proposed
public or private construction projects such as landfills and WTE
plants.

OCC – old corrugated cardboard.

ONP – old newsprint.

OP – office paper.

Plastics^*:

• PET (coded #1) – polyethylene terephthalate, a common plastic resin used in beverage containers;
• HDPE (coded #2) – high-density polyethylene, a
  resin commonly used for milk and water jugs, plastic grocery and trash
  bags;
• PVC or V (coded #3) – polyvinyl chloride or vinyl, used for film, plumbing pipes and auto products;
• LDPE (coded #4) – low-density polyethylene,
  commonly used in bread and frozen food bags, dairy container lids caps;
• PP (coded #5) – polypropylene, used for food wraps, yogurt cups, margarine lids, many non-food items;
• PS (coded #6) – polystyrene, used for foam meat trays, coffee cups, egg cartons, fast food containers;
• Other (coded #7) – all other plastics such as
  multi-layer packaging, polycarbonate and ABS, often used to make
  durable goods like cookware, lamp housings, name plates, automotive
  trim, bathtubs and computer housings.

^* Many SW/GS departments only accept PET (#1) and HDPE (#2) plastic bottles for recycling.

Post-consumer waste – waste remaining after consumers use a product.
Examples include bottles, food wrappers, newspaper, office paper and
many other items.

Pre-consumer waste – manufacturing waste that does not reach the consumer as a useful product. Also called process waste.

Putrescible – liable to rot or decompose, the best example being food waste.

Rear End Loader – a traditional solid waste collection truck loaded
manually from the rear, used for collection of yard waste, junk and
miscellaneous trash.

Recycle – to divert useful materials from the disposal stream for
processing, sale to an end user, and reintroduction into the economy as
a remanufactured or new product.

Roll-off – a 10- to 40-cubic-yard open top container used for
collecting C&D, remodeling debris and other bulk waste. Roll-offs
are transported with a special vehicle which uses hydraulics to roll
the container on and off the truck.

Short ton – 2,000 pounds. Materials such as glass, cardboard, newspaper, aluminum and plastics are weighed in short tons.

Sideloader – an automated residential solid waste collection truck with a hydraulic arm used to pick up and dump black barrels.

Source reduction – an action to reduce waste at the point of
generation. Source reduction strategies include reuse, recycling and
composting.

SWANA – the Solid Waste Association of North America, a large
international trade association (8,000 members) which represents the
solid waste and recycling industry.

Transfer trailer – large trailers used to haul compacted garbage from the transfer station to the WTE plant.

Transfer station – facility at which solid waste trucks dump their
loads in a pit. The garbage is then compacted and pushed into large
tractor trailers for transportation to the WTE plant.

UBC – used (aluminum) beverage cans.

Waste reduction – actions that reduce waste, such as package design, double-sided copying, recycling.

White goods – large enameled appliances (washers, dryers,
refrigerators, dishwashers, air conditioners, etc.). Often,
white goods are collected using “jaws” trucks.

WTE (or RTE) – waste-to-energy or refuse-to-energy. A power plant that uses municipal solid waste as part or all of
its fuel supply. Frequently, the incineration of a few thousand tons of
waste per day produces enough electricity for several thousand local homes.

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